How to conduct a literature review through open access resources?

Conducting a literature review using open access (OA) resources involves systematically finding, evaluating, and synthesizing scholarly literature freely available online. It is entirely feasible and leverages the vast array of peer-reviewed research accessible without subscription barriers, such as articles in OA journals, preprints in repositories, government reports, and theses. Key principles include identifying relevant OA repositories and databases (e.g., DOAJ, PubMed Central, arXiv, institutional repositories), using comprehensive and precise search strategies, and diligently tracking searches. Necessary conditions are internet access and familiarity with OA platforms. The scope primarily encompasses research outputs published under OA models. Crucial precautions involve verifying the quality and peer-review status of sources, assessing publisher credibility, and ensuring comprehensive coverage despite potential disciplinary gaps in OA availability compared to subscription resources, necessitating supplementary searches when required. Implementing an OA literature review requires methodical steps. First, define your research question and establish inclusion/exclusion criteria. Second, identify suitable OA databases, disciplinary repositories (like SSRN for social sciences), and preprint servers relevant to your field. Third, construct detailed search strings using key terms and controlled vocabularies like MeSH terms, applying filters for OA availability. Fourth, systematically search selected databases, record results meticulously, and screen retrieved publications based on titles, abstracts, then full texts. Fifth, appraise and synthesize the relevant studies, paying attention to publication dates and potential version differences (preprints vs. final versions). Finally, document the entire search strategy transparently for reproducibility. This approach delivers robust findings and demonstrates the significant value of OA resources in promoting equitable access to knowledge and supporting transparent, comprehensive research synthesis without cost barriers.