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When citing international literature, how should language differences be handled?

October 30, 2025
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When citing international literature, handle language differences by including the original title, a translated title in brackets when needed, and providing translation source details. This practice ensures proper attribution and accessibility while allowing verification. Key principles include preserving the original work's integrity, using accurate translations from authoritative sources like publishers or databases, and noting translations if self-conducted. Citations should specify the consulted language version. For less common languages, include essential elements like author names in original script where appropriate to maintain scholarly precision without compromising readability. Implementation requires providing the original title first, then an English translation in brackets if needed, followed by standard bibliographic details. Reference the specific language edition cited and note if the translation is your own. This approach enhances accessibility for international audiences and upholds academic integrity by enabling source verification while accurately representing the referenced work.
When citing international literature, how should language differences be handled?
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